Due to this reason, recursive resolvers are ref erred to as non-authori tative DNS servers as they only provide a respon se based upon the last good cache from the authoritative nameservers. If cach ing was implemented and the request was made within the TTL (time to live) period, then the request stops with recursive resolver and it responds to the client/browser, providing a quicker response and better user experience. After the authoritative nameserver sends the response to the recursive resolver, the recursive resolver sends the final response to the client/browser. After receiving the DNS request, the recursive resolv er will respond by providing any cached content or sending the request on to the next level, which would be the root nameserver, TLD nameser ver, and finishing up with the authoritative nameserver. This server is provided by the I nternet Service Provide r (ISP) and sits between the client/browser and the nameservers. The recursive resolver, also sometimes referred to as DNS recursor, is first on the list of stops. There a four types of DNS servers : recursive resolvers, root nameservers, TLD name servers, and authoritative nameservers. These servers contain the HTML files, images, videos, etc., that make up the contents of the requ est and provide th at content to your browser.
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The first thing that happens is that your request may go through a series of servers (if there is no caching involved). Once you enter the address in your browser, the D NS is put to work and the proces s begins behind the scenes. So, now that we’ve covered a bit about the specific aspects of domain names, let u s cover the process of what happens when we type in a domain address.
Within the domain structure, it will come before the second-level domain, so u sing our example, so me examples of their sub domains include and pho. Sub domains help with SEO and provide a better way for users to navigate through resources. Sub domains are primarily used to separate and differentiate specific content from the main domain. We b s ites can be expanded further by creating sub domains. The second-level domain, or SLD, is the portion before the top-level domain, so sticking with our example, the second-level domain would be the google portion. As of mid-2020, there were over 1,500 different top-level domains. These top-level domains are also used to distinguish domains by country, so they’re given specific country code, like. You’ve likely come across some of the more common different top-level domains, such as. These top-level domains located in what is called the DNS root zone. So, if we use as our example, the top-level domain is. The top-level domain, or TLD, is the piece at the end of the domain name. However, there are multiple pieces that make up a domain name, and depending on how they are structured, they can tell us different things about that domain. Instead having to remember a long string of random numbers that make up an IP address, it is quicker and easier to remember and type in a domain name into our browser and have the DNS translate into its IP address and find it for us. These domain names are managed by group called the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, or ICANN for short. We will talk more about these DNS layers in the next few sections.ĭomain names, like or, are the human-readable forms of domains. Think of the DNS like a large, spread out tree, with various layers and groups, or zones, that make up the DNS. Everything from mobile phones and laptops to servers, routers, and networking hardware all rely on the DNS. It acts as a translator between humans and machines. It is what allows all of us to access websites and connects devices across the Internet. DNS stands for Domain Name System and it acts a directory to the Internet.
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